Catalytic Production of Renewable Hydrogen for Use in Fuel Cells: A Review Study

Abstract Hydrogen production from renewable sources is gaining increasing importance for application as fuel, in particular with high efficiency and low impact devices such fuel cells. In addition, the possibility to produce more sustainable hydrogen industrial also of interest fundamental processes, ammonia methanol synthesis. Catalytic processes are used most options sources. Catalysts directly involved main transformation, case reforming electro-/photo-catalytic water splitting, or upgrade refining reaction products, tar reforming. every case, that reached a sufficiently mature development stage, attempts process design, economic environmental assessment presented, on one hand finalise demonstration technology, other highlight challenges bottlenecks. Selected examples described, highlighting whenever possible role catalysis open issues, e.g. H 2 reforming, aqueous phase biomass pyrolysis gasification, photo- electro-catalytic enzymatic catalysis. The history bioethanol use cells detailed point view design techno-economic validation. Examples steady state dynamic simulation centralised distributed unit presented demonstrate feasibility this appears nearest market. seems demonstrated when producing starting diluted bioethanol.